Silba adipata McAlpine

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Author: François DROUET.
Photographs: François DROUET.
All rights reserved.

143 figs infestation study (eggs)

According to the following plan: study purposes and conditions, eggs count, eggs implantation, ovipositions count, correlation between the number of larvae exit holes and the number of eggs, appendix : detail of ostiolar regions examinations and larvae exit holes counts.

STUDY PURPOSES AND CONDITIONS

During the summer of 2021, I decided to examine with a stereomicroscope the ostiolar region of a large number of immature figs infested by Silba adipata McAlpine (figs from my old fig trees having reached the stage of abscission). Fig trees: biferous variety 'Grise de la Saint-Jean', uniferous variety 'Bellone', uniferous variety 'Col de Dame Noire'. So, for two months (July and August). I collected the figs on the ground by performing a daily inspection under the fig trees. Knowing that some days there were no figs to collect.

My objective was to consolidate the observations made over the course of the previous six years, by studying eggs number and eggs physical distribution in figs, and trying to deduce the number of ovipositions per fig. I set myself as another objective to study the correlation between the number of larvae exit holes carried by a fig and the number of eggs laid by Silba adipata McAlpine inside it.

So, for two months (July and August), I collected the figs from the ground, carrying out a daily inspection under the fig trees. Knowing that some days there were no figs to collect. For each of the infested figs, I carried out the following operations: rmeasurement of the diameter with a Vernier caliper; recording of the larvae exit holes number; ostiolar scales and ostiolar canal examination with the stereomicroscope.
 

Examination under stereomicroscope of the ostiolar region of an immature fig infested by Silba adipata McAlpine.

Ostiolar region of an immature fig infested by Silba adipata McAlpine, for examination under stereomicroscope.
 

Total figs examined: 143, divided into 20 of the uniferous 'Bellone' variety, 77 of the biferous variety 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' (second crop), and46 of the uniferous 'Col de Dame Noire' variety. The infested immature figs having been collected after abscission, I found no unhatched eggs when examining the ostiolar region of all the figs, only empty eggs envelopes (chorions). I provide below the analyzes established from the results of the infested figs examinations. Details of ostiolar regions examinations and larvae exit holes counts are provided in the appendix, at the end of this chapter.
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: larva exit hole, on the left, and empty egg envelope under a raised ostiolar scale.
(explanation of the hole size: the larva is 9 times larger when it leaves the fig than at birth).

EGGS COUNT

Observations.

The decision to analyse the infestations was taken late (early July). As a result, for the 'Bellone' and 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' varieties, the observed abscissions are those of the figs attacked during phase 2 of the Silba adipata McAlpine attack pattern. During this phase, only a small percentage of attacks occurs, the majority of attacks being concentrated in phase 1 (intense attacks phase). For the later-maturing variety 'Col de Dame Noire', on the other hand, abscissions encompass all the figs attacked during the season (phases 1 and 2 of the attack model). I have occasionally observed that the rate of multiple ovipositions in a single fig is significantly higher during phase 1. And the number of eggs per oviposition could be significantly lower during phase 2 (lower female fecundity: a hypothesis to be further investigated). Thus, analyses based on all the figs of the three varieties (143) could lead to percentages and averages that would not be relevant for drawing conclusions about the Silba adipata McAlpine behavior. It is therefore appropriate to separetely analyze the figs infestation of each variety.

For the 'Col de Dame Noire' 46 figs - Total laid eggs: 147. Average: 3.2 eggs per fig. Distribution - 1 egg: 7% of the figs (3 figs); 2 eggs: 30% (14 figs); 3 eggs: 24% (11 figs); 4 eggs: 22% (10 figs); 5 eggs: 13% (6 figs); more than 5 eggs: 4% (2 figs; detail: 6 eggs for 1 fig, 7 eggs for 1 fig).). Figs collected on the ground, from 20/07 to 30/08 inclusive.

For the 'Bellone' 20 figs - Total laid eggs: 40. Average: 2 eggs per fig. Distribution - 1 egg: 40% of the figs (8 figs); 2 eggs: 38% (54 figs); 3 eggs: 18% (26 figs); 4 eggs: 5% (1 fig); no figs containing 5 eggs, or more than 5 eggs. Figs collected on the ground, from 01/07 to 28/07 inclusive.

For the 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' 77 figs - Total laid eggs: 170. Average: 2.2 eggs per fig. Distribution - 1 egg: 29% of the figs (22 figs); 2 eggs: 44% (34 figs); 3 eggs: 14% (11 figs); 4 eggs: 5% (4 figs); 5 eggs: 7% (5 figs); more than 5 eggs: 1% (1 fig, detail: 6 eggs). Figs collected on the ground, from 03/07 to 21/08 inclusive.

Comments.

The above count shows for the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety: 96% of the examined figs contain 1 to 5 eggs; 61% of them contain 1 to 3 eggs; the number of eggs most often present in a fig is 2. I note that the percentage of figs harboring more than 5 eggs (multiple ovipositions in the same fig) is very low, lesser than that I happen to observe. And the number of eggs contained in these figs is low (6 to 7 eggs), also lesser than that I happen to observe.

For the 'Bellone' and 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' varieties, the average number of eggs per fig, respectively 2 and 2.2, is significantly lower than that observed for the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety (3.2). This is explained by the fact that 65% of 'Bellone' figs and 73% of 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' figs contain 1 to 2 eggs, while this is the case for only 37% of 'Col de Dame Noire' figs.

The fact that the average number of eggs per fig is significantly higher for the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety may reflect two phenomena: either the number of ovipositions per fig is higher; or the average number of eggs per oviposition is higher (higher female fertility). The concomitance of the two phenomena cannot be excluded. If we take into account that the attacked figs of the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety correspond to phases 1 and 2 of the Silba adipata McAlpine attack model, while those of the other two varieties correspond to phase 2 only, a hypothesis (to be further investigated) can be considered: Silba adipata McAlpine females that attack during the weeks of phase 2 would be less fertile than those that attack during the 2 to 3 weeks preceding (phase 1). It is emphasized that the fact that the attacked figs are in lower numbers during phase 2 (according to the Silba adipata McAlpine attack pattern) has no impact on the average number of eggs laid per fig, or per oviposition.
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: 5 empty eggs envelopes stuk under an ostiolar scale which has been raised.
(reddened immature fig).

EGGS IMPLANTATION

PERCENTAGES OF INFESTED FIGS BY TYPES OF USED SCALES

Definitions.

I call "first level" ostiolar scales the scales which are located on the surface of the fig (these are the highest ostiolar scales). The first level scales can slightly overlap at the tip. They are thick, leathery, and often reddish in color (entirely or at the edges). And I call "second level" ostiolar scales those which are just below the first level scales. Largely or completely covered by the first level ostiolar scales, they are quite tough or quite tender depending on the variety. Their color is generally greenish, partially reddish for certain varieties. Below the second level ostiolar scales are thin scales, softer than the previous ones, light green in color. Horizontally arranged, they precede the ostiolar canal scales (vertical and whitish). They are never the subject of an egg deposit. See the chapter providing photographs of the ostiolar scales types, of the ostiolar canal, and of eggs laid under the two types of ostiolar scales and in the ostiolar canal.

Observations.

For the 'Col de Dame Noire' figs (46 figs, the abscissions of which correspond to all the attacks of the season for the variety): 78% of the 46 examined figs (36 figs) harbor eggs only under first level ostiolar scales; 13% (6 figs) harbor eggs only under second level ostiolar scales; 7% (3 figs) harbor eggs under first level and second level ostiolar scales; 2% (1 fig) contain eggs in the ostiolar canal only.

For the entire batch of 143 figs (therefore including in the analysis the varieties 'Bellone' and 'Grise de la Saint-Jean', the abscissions of which correspond to phase 2 of the Silba adipata McAlpine attack pattern): 83% of the examined figs harbor eggs only under first level ostiolar scales; 8% harbor eggs only under second level ostiolar scales; 7% harbor eggs under first level and second level ostiolar scales; 2% contain eggs in the ostiolar canal.

Comments.

For the analysis based on the 'Col de Dame Noire' figs, the results confirm my regular observations: a very high occurrence of eggs implantation under first level scales (more than three-quarters of the examined figs), a low occurrence of eggs implantation under second level scales, and a rare presence of eggs in the ostiolar canal. The same is true for the analysis based on the 143 figs. There is a slight difference in results, which does not call into question the orders of magnitude of the respective proportions of the different implantation cases: 5% more for eggs implantations solely under first level scales, 5% less for those solely under second level scales.
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: 4 chorions under 1 first level ostiolar scale of a reddened immature fig.
(fig collected from the ground; biferous variety 'Grise de la Saint-Jean', second crop).

Silba adipata McAlpine: 2 chorions under 1 second level ostiolar scale of a reddened immature fig.
(fig collected from the ground; biferous variety 'Grise de la Saint-Jean', second crop).

PERCENTAGES OF INFESTED FIGS BY NUMBERS OF USED SCALES

Observations.

For the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety: 54% of the 46 examined figs (25 figs) harbor eggs under a single ostiolar scale; 33% (15 figs) harbor eggs under 2 ostiolar scales; 11% (5 figs) harbor eggs under three ostiolar scales; 2% (1 fig) contain eggs in the ostiolar canal alone.

For the entire batch of 143 figs (therefore including in the analysis the varieties 'Bellone' and 'Grise de la Saint-Jean', the abscissions of which only correspond to phase 2 of the Silba adipata McAlpine attack pattern): 64% of the 143 examined figs (91 figs) harbor eggs under a single ostiolar scale; 28% (40 figs) harbor eggs under 2 ostiolar scales; 6% (9 figs) harbor eggs under three ostiolar scales; 2% (3 figs) contain eggs in the ostiolar canal only.

Comments.

For the analysis based on 'Col de Dame Noire' figs, the above count reveals that the eggs are grouped under a single ostiolar scale in just over half of the figs, that they are distributed under two ostiolar scales in a third of them, under three ostiolar scales in a few cases, and that the presence of eggs in the ostiolar canal is rare.

When the analysis focuses on the 143 figs, we see that the main change concerns the percentage of figs harboring eggs under a single ostiolar scale, which increases by 10%. The counterpart is a 5% decrease in figs harboring eggs under two ostiolar scales, and a 5% decrease in those harboring eggs under three ostiolar scales.

In both of the above analyses, I note that for no fig was the number of ostiolar scales used greater than 3. This does not contradict my regular observations. For figs containing a maximum of 5 eggs, I have never observed a number of ostiolar scales used greater than 3, and I have noted that cases of 3 ostiolar scales used are always few. For figs containing more than 5 eggs, it is common for these to be sheltered under 1 to 3 ostiolar scales, as is the case for the 9 figs of this type found in the batch of 143 figs. But I sometimes observe figs containing more than 5 eggs with these distributed under more than 3 ostiolar scales. I also note that none of the 143 figs simultaneously harbor eggs in the ostiolar canal and under one or more ostiolar scales, but I have already observed this case (rarely).
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: 5 chorions distributed under 3 ostiolar scales of a reddened immature fig.
(fig collected from the ground; biferous variety 'Grise de la Saint-Jean', second crop).
 

Special observation (figs containing 5 eggs).

For figs of the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety (46 figs; including 6 figs containing 5 eggs, i.e. 13%) - Distribution according to the number of used scales: 3 figs with 5 eggs grouped under 1 ostiolar scale, i.e. 7% of the 46 figs; 1 fig with 5 eggs distributed under 2 ostiolar scales, i.e. 2%; 2 figs with 5 eggs distributed under 3 ostiolar scales, i.e. 4%. The distribution according to the number of used scales within the batch of 6 figs containing 5 eggs is as follows: 1 scale: 50%; 2 scales: 17%; 3 scales: 33%.

For the entire batch of 143 examined figs (including 11 figs containing 5 eggs, i.e. 8%) - Distribution according to the number of used scales: 5 figs with the 5 eggs grouped under 1 ostiolar scale, i.e. 4% of the 143 figs; 3 figs with the 5 eggs distributed under 2 ostiolar scales, i.e. 2%; 3 figs with the 5 eggs distributed under 3 ostiolar scales, i.e. 2%. The distribution according to the number of used scales within the batch of 11 figs containing 5 eggs is as follows: 1 scale: 46%; 2 scales: 27%, 3 scales: 27%.
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: 5 chorions under 1 single ostiolar scale of a reddened immature fig.
(fig collected from the ground; biferous variety 'Grise de la Saint-Jean', second crop).

EGGS DISSEMINATION ACCORDING TO THE NUMBER OF USED OSTIOLAR SCALES

Observations for 'Col de Dame Noire' figs (46 figs, the abscissions of which correspond to all attacks of the season for the variety).

When a single ostiolar scale covers all the eggs (54% of the 46 examined figs; 25 figs), I count: 1 egg in 8% of cases (2 out of 25 figs); 2 eggs in 44% of cases (11 figs); 3 eggs in 24% of cases (6 figs); 4 eggs in 12% of cases (3 figs); and 5 eggs in 12% of cases (3 figs).

When all the eggs are scattered under two ostiolar scales (33% of the examined 46 figs; 15 figs), I count: 2 eggs in 20% of cases - 3 figs out of 15 (1,1 - i.e. 1 egg under one scale, 1 under the other); 3 eggs in 33% of cases - 5 figs (1,2 - i.e. 1 egg under one scale, 2 under the other); 4 eggs in 33% of cases - 5 figs, including 3 figs (2,2) and 2 figs (1,3); 5 eggs in 7% of cases - 1 fig (2,3); 7 eggs in 7% of cases - 1 fig (2,5).

When all the eggs are disseminated under three ostiolar scales (11% of the 46 examined figs; 5 figs), I count: 4 eggs in 40% of cases - 2 out of 5 figs (1,1,2); 5 eggs in 40% of cases - 2 figs, including 1 fig (1,2,2) and 1 fig (1,1,3); 6 eggs in 20% of cases - 1 fig (1,2,3). No fig contains 3 eggs.

When the eggs are located in the ostiolar canal (2% of the 46 examined figs; 1 fig), I count: 1 egg.

Observations for the entire batch of 143 figs (therefore including the varieties 'Bellone' and 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' in the analysis, the abscissions of which only correspond to phase 2 of the Silba adipata McAlpine attack pattern).

When a single ostiolar scale covers all the eggs (64% of the 143 examined figs; 91 figs), I count: 1 egg in 37% of cases (34 figs); 2 eggs in 40% of cases (36 figs); 3 eggs in 14% of cases (13 figs); 4 eggs in 3% of cases (3 figs); and 5 eggs in 6% of cases (5 figs).

When all the eggs are scattered under two ostiolar scales (28% of the 143 examined figs; 40 figs), I count: 2 eggs in 38% of cases - 15 figs (1,1) - i.e. 1 egg under each of the two scales; 3 eggs in 30% of cases - 12 figs (1,2) - i.e. 1 egg under one scale, and two eggs under the other scale; 4 eggs in 23% of cases - 9 figs, including 7 figs (2,2) and 2 figs (1,3); 5 eggs in 7% of cases - 3 figs, including 2 figs (1,4) and 1 fig (2,3); 7 eggs in 2% of cases - 1 fig (2,5).

When all the eggs are disseminated under three ostiolar scales (6% of the 143 examined figs; 9 figs), I count: 3 eggs in 11% of cases - 1 fig (1,1,1); 4 eggs in 33% of cases - 3 figs (1,1,2); 5 eggs in 33% of cases - 3 figs, including 2 figs (1,2,2) and 1 fig (1,1,3); 6 eggs in 22% of cases - 2 figs (1,2,3).

When the eggs are located in the ostiolar canal (2% of the 143 examined figs; 3 figs), I count: 1 egg for one fig, and 2 eggs for each of two figs.

Comments.

For the 46 'Col de Dame Noire' figs, I note that when the eggs are housed under a single ostiolar scale, they are most often 2 eggs (44% of cases). For 2 ostiolar scales, they are most often 3 eggs, or 4 eggs (33% of cases, equal). And, when the eggs are scattered under 3 ostiolar scales, they are most often 4 eggs, or 5 eggs (40% of cases, equal).

For the batch of 143 figs of the 3 varieties, I note that when the eggs are housed under a single ostiolar scale, they are most often 2 eggs (40% of cases). For 2 ostiolar scales, they are also most often 2 eggs (38%). And, when the eggs are sheltered under 3 ostiolar scales, it is most often 4 eggs, or 5 eggs (33% of cases, equal).
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: 2 groups of 2 empty eggs envelopes, under 2 raised ostiolar scales.
 (on the left, an ostiolar scale not raised). 

OVIPOSITIONS COUNT

Observations.

During examinations of the ostiolar regions (details provided at the end of the chapter), I counted the ovipositions for each of the figs by applying a specific method, which is imperfect but allows plausible results. For the moment this method is only exposed on the French version of the website (see page). I used the 2021 version of this method, that is to say without exploiting the arrangement and the appearance of the chorions to detect a possible ovipositions plurality.

Given the considerations developed at the beginning of the sub-chapter "Eggs count" supra, it is necessary to analyze the ovipositions numbers per fig separately for each variety.

Number of ovipositions per fig, for the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety (46 figs) - 1 oviposition: 57% (26 figs); 1 to 2 ovipositions: 30% (14 figs); 1 to 3 ovipositions: 9% (4 figs); 2 ovipositions: 2% (1 fig); 2 to 3 ovipositions: 2% (1 fig).

Number of ovipositions per fig, for the 'Bellone' variety (20 figs) - 1 oviposition: 70% (14 figs); 1 to 2 ovipositions: 25% (5 figs); 1 to 3 ovipositions: 5% (1 fig).

Number of ovipositions per fig, for the 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' variety (77 figs) - 1 oviposition: 69% (53 figs); 1 to 2 ovipositions: 27% (21 figs); 1 to 3 ovipositions: 3% (2 figs); 2 to 3 ovipositions: 1% (1 fig).
 

Comments for the 'Col de Dame Noire' variety.

Among the 26 figs (57 % of the examined batch of 46 figs) having been the subject of only one oviposition, 3 figs (7 % of the examined batch) contain only one egg (one of which contains the egg in the ostiolar canal). For the others (23, i.e. 50 % of the examined batch), the single oviposition includes several eggs. The identification of the single oviposition then results from the 2021 version of the count method (for figs containing up to 5 eggs, hypothesis of a uniqueness of oviposition in the case of a fig housing all the eggs under a single ostiolar scale, without taking into account the arrangement and the appearance of the chorions to detect a possible ovipositions plurality). Knowing that for cases of 2 or 3 eggs grouped under a single scale, we can consider that it is most often a single oviposition (eggs from a single female). And being underlined that for cases of 4 or 5 eggs grouped under a single scale, the possible margin of error plays on 13 % of the examined lot (6 figs / 46).

On the other hand, the number of figs for which it was detected from 1 to n ovipositions is 18 (14 with 1 to 2 ovipositions, and 4 with 1 to 3 ovipositions). These are 14 figs housing eggs under 2 scales, and 4 figs housing eggs under 3 scales. Being specified that in both cases, the total number of eggs contained in the fig is at a maximum of 5 (a number of eggs greater than 5 generating the detection of at least 2 ovipositions).

For these 18 figs (39 % of the examined batch), the ovipositions counting method leads to a range of values, due to the impossibility of knowing how many ovipositions correspond to egg deposits under several ostiolar scales. If we consider only, either the lowest value, or the highest value, of the two ranges of listed values, we obtain a total of respectively.48 and 71 ovipositions. The examined batch of 46 figs has therefore undergone at least 48 ovipositions (an average of about 1 oviposition per fig), and at most 71 ovipositions (an average of approximately 1.5 oviposition per fig).

What about the ovipositons plurality rate? In the current state (summer 2021) of my observations and my reflections, I do not have clues allowing to estimate the share of the 18 figs which have undergone only one oviposition (visit of a single female). In the event that this would be the case for all of these figs, the total number of figs having undergone only one oviposition would stand at 44 (26 + 18). This would set at 2 the number of figs having undergone more than one oviposition (the fig containing 7 chorions, for which 2 ovipositions were detected; and the fig containing 6 chorions, for which the estimation of the number of ovipositions is 2 to 3). That is to say a 4 % ovipositions plurality rate (2/46). It is the minimal ovipositions plurality rate, knowing that the maximum one (case where all of the 18 figs would have undergone more than one oviposition, unlikely hypothesis) is (18 + 2) / 46, i.e. 43 %.
 

Comments for the 'Bellone' and the 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' varieties.

For these two varieties, the percentage of figs having undergone only one oviposition is practically the same, and that noted for the variety 'Col de Dame Noire' is significantly lower. The percentage of figs having undergone 1 to 2 ovipositions is also practically the same for the two varieties, and that observed for the variety 'Col de Dame Noire' is superior. The cumulative percentage of the figs having undergone a number of ovipositions, or a range of numbers of ovipositions, greater than 1 to 2 (i.e. 2 ovipositions, 1 to 3 ovipositions, and 2 to 3 ovipositions), is practically the same for the two varieties. And the one found for the variety 'Col de Dame Noire' is about three times more important.

It appears from these analyzes that the ovipositions intensity (number of ovipositions per fig) is much stronger for the figs of the variety 'Col de Dame Noire' than for those of the other two varieties. Being recalled that the abcissions of the figs 'Col de Dame Noire' correspond to phases 1 and 2 of the Silba adipata McAlpine attack pattern, while those of the other two varieties correspond to the only phase 2. It should be emphasized that the fact that the attacked figs are in smaller number during phase 2 (according to the Silba adipata McAlpine attack pattern) has no impact on the ovipositions number per attacked fig.

It would be necessary to determine whether the greatest intensity of the ovipositions arises from the attacks of phase 1, and if the Silba adipata McAlpine females which attack during the weeks of phase 2 are less fertile than those which attack during the preceding 2 to 3 weeks (phase 1).
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: 6 empty eggs envelopes (2 ovipositions), under a single ostiolar scale, which has been raised.
(the raised ostiolar scale is at the top of the photograph).

CORRELATION BETWEEN THE NUMBER OF LARVAE EXIT HOLES AND THE NUMBER OF EGGS

The study of the correlation between the number of larvae exit holes carried by the figs and the number of eggs deposited in them was carried out on 139 figs. Indeed, 4 figs were excluded from this study: 3 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' figs (collected from the tree, without larvae exit holes), and 1 'Bellone' fig (collected from the ground, and on which it was not possible to detect a larva exit hole). The detailed analysis are provided in a specific chapter.

In summary, it appears that a little more than half of the figs attacked by Silba adipata McAlpine show a number of larvae exit holes lower than the number of eggs deposited in the fig. This phenomenon concerns all figs containing 5 eggs or more, and approximately 70% of figs containing 2 eggs, 3 eggs, or 4 eggs. It should be noted that it does not concern figs containing 1 egg.

Concerning the observed differences: for figs containing 2 eggs, the difference can only be 1; for figs containing 3 to 5 eggs: significant occurrence of all possible differences for the considered category (except the difference of 1 for figs with 5 eggs, an exception that could be explained by an insufficiently large number of figs of this type in the studied batch).
 

Silba adipata McAlpine: infested immature fig, after abscission - 'Grise de la Saint-Jean' variety, second crop.
(note the larva exit hole).

APPENDIX: DETAIL OF OSTIOLAR REGIONS EXAMINATIONS AND LARVAE EXIT HOLES COUNTS

'Bellone' variety.

01/07/2021 (abscission date)  - diameter: 2.3 cm - 1 larva exit hole (1 leh) - 4 empty eggs envelopes in the fig (4 EEE) - Distribution: 2 empty eggs envelopes (2 EEE) under an ostiolar scale 1 (OS1) of level 1 (L1) + 1 empty egg envelope (1 EEE) under an ostiolar scale 2 (OS2) of level 1 (L1) + 1 empty egg envelope (1 EEE) under an ostiolar scale 3 (OS3) of level 1 (L1). That is 1 to 3 ovipositions distributed under 3 ostiolar scales of level 1 (3 OS L1).

01/07 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) + 2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1).

01/07 - 2.2 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

01/07 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) + 1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1).

03/07 - 2.3 cm - 3 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

03/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

03/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

04/07 - 2.4 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE + 1 dead larva - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) + 1 EEE on the surface near the ostiole, with an intact dead larva. That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (1 OS L1 + epidermis).

04/07 - 2.2 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) + 2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OSL1).

05/07 - 2.2 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE in the ostiolar canal, vertical position. That is 1 oviposition (ostiolar canal).

05/07 - 2.4 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

05/07 - 2 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

06/07 - 2.2 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

06/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

06/07 - 2.2 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

07/07 - 2.2 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

13/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to  2 ovipositions (2 OS L1).

18/07 - 1.4 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

19/07 - 2.1cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE in the ostiolar canal, vertical position. That is 1 oviposition (ostiolar canal).

28/07 - 1.9 cm - 0 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

'Grise de la Saint-Jean' variety (second crop).

03/07 - 2.2 cm - 3 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  4 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 03/07 - 2.4 cm - 3 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L2). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1/L2). // 04/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 04/07 - 2.4 cm - 3 leh - 6 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L2) + 3 EEE OS3 (L2) . That is 2 to 3 ovipositions (1 OS L1, 2 OS L2). // 04/07 - 2.3 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 04/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L2). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1/L2). // 04/07 - 2 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 04/07 - 2 cm - 3 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1) + 1 EEE OS3 (L2) . That is 1 to 3 ovipositions (2 OS L1. 1 OS L2). // 05/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 05/07 - 2.1 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 06/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 06/07 - 1.7 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 06/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 06/07 - 2.1 cm - 2 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1) + 1 EEE OS3 (L1) . That is 1 to 3 ovipositions (3 OS L1). // 06/07 - 1.9 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 07/07 - 1.5 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 07/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) + 1 EEE OS2 (L1)  . That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 07/07 - 1.9 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L2). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1/L2). // 07/07 - 2 cm - 2 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) + 4 EEE OS2 (L1)  . That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 07/07 - 1.6 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 07/07 - 1.8 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 07/07 - 1.9 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 08/07 - 1.7 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 08/07 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 08/07 - 1.8 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 08/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 08/07 - 2.2 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 08/07 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 09/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 09/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 10/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L2). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1/L2). // 10/07 - 1.4 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 10/07 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 5 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 11/07 - 1.7 cm - 3 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 11/07 - 1.8 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 13/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 13/07 - 1.5 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 13/07 - 1.5 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 13/07 - 1.5 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L2). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1/L2). // 14/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 5 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.8 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 14/07 - 1.4 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.6 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.5 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.5 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 14/07 - 1.5 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 15/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 15/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 15/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 15/07 - ripe fig - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 17/07 - 1.6 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 17/07 - 1.6 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 20/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 21/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 21/07 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 24/07 - 2.3 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 24/07 - 2.4 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 24/07 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 25/07 - 2.2 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 04/08 - ripe fig - 2.5 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 04/08 - 2.3 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 04/08 - 2.5 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 04/08 - 2 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 05/08 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 05/08 - 1.5 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 05/08 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 05/08 - 2 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE on the epidermis, near an ostiolar scale of level 1. That is 1 oviposition (on epidermis). // 09/08 - 2.4 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 09/08 - ripe fig - 2.8 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 09/08 - ripe fig - 3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 09/08 - ripe fig - 3 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 21/08 - ripe fig - 2.4 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 21/08 - ripe fig - 2.5 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

'Col de Dame Noire' variety.

20/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 20/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 4 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 20/07 - 2 cm - 1 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 5 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 21/07 - 2 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L2). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1/L2). // 22/07 - 2.3 cm - 2 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  3 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 22/07 - 2.1 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 22/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 23/07 - 1.9 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE in the ostiolar canal. That is 1 oviposition in the ostiolar canal. // 24/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 25/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 25/07 - 2.3 cm - 2 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions  (2 OS L1). // 25/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1) // 27/07 - 2.3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 28/07 - 1.7 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 28/07 - 1.9 cm - 3 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 4 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 30/07 - 2.1 cm - 2 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 5 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 30/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 30/07 - 1.8 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 30/07 - 2 cm - 3 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 30/07 - 2.1 cm - 3 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 30/07 - 2 cm - 2 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1) +  2 EEE OS3 (L2) . That is 1 to 3 ovipositions (3 OS L1/L1/L2). // 30/07 - 1.7 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 30/07 - 1.7 cm - 3 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1) +  3 EEE OS3 (L1) . That is 1 to 3 ovipositions (3 OS L1). // 30/07 - 1.8 cm - 1 leh - 1 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 31/07 - 2 cm - 4 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 4 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 31/07 - 1.8 cm - 2 leh - 7 EEE - Dist: 5 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 2 ovipositions (1 OS L1 / 1 OS1). // 31/07 - 2.1 cm - 4 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  3 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 31/07 - 1.7 cm - 2 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L2) +  2 EEE OS2 (L2). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L2). // 01/08 - 2 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 01/08 - 2 cm - 4 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 01/08 - 2 cm - 3 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 02/08 - 2.2 cm - 4 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L2) +  2 EEE OS3 (L1) . That is 1 to 3 ovipositions (3 OS L1/L2/L1). // 02/08 - 1.6 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) + 1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 04/08 - 2.4 cm - 3 leh - 6 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1) +  3 EEE OS3 (L1). That is 2 to 3 ovipositions (3 OS L1). // 04/08 - 2.4 cm - 2 leh - 5 EEE - Dist: 5 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 05/08 - 2 cm - 0 leh (fig picked from the tree) - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L2). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L2). // 05/08 - 2 cm - 0 leh (fig picked from the tree) - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 05/08 - 2.1 cm - 0 leh (fig picked rom the tree) - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 07/08 - 2 cm - 1 leh  - 3 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  2 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 07/08 - 2.1 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 25/08 - ripe fig - 2.1 cm - 2 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 27/08 - 2.3 cm - 3 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1) +  1 EEE OS3 (L1) . That is 1 to 3 ovipositions (3 OS L1). // 30/08 - ripe fig - 3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 2 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1). // 30/08 - ripe fig - 3 cm - 1 leh - 2 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  1 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 30/08 - ripe fig - 3.2 cm - 1 leh - 4 EEE - Dist: 1 EEE OS1 (L1) +  3 EEE OS2 (L1). That is 1 to 2 ovipositions (2 OS L1). // 30/08 - ripe fig - 3.1 cm - 1 leh - 3 EEE - Dist: 3 EEE OS1 (L1). That is 1 oviposition (1 OS L1).

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